What is the function of glucagon in the body?

Glucagon plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood glucose levels in the body. Its primary function is to raise blood glucose levels when they fall below normal. This is accomplished by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream. Additionally, glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis, a process by which the liver produces glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, further increasing blood glucose concentrations.

Understanding glucagon's role highlights the importance of maintaining energy balance and glucose homeostasis in the body, especially between meals and during periods of fasting. The hormone acts as a counter-regulatory factor to insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels, ensuring that the body has a steady supply of glucose for energy, particularly for the brain and muscles.