What primary types of ingredients are found in dietary supplements?

The primary types of ingredients found in dietary supplements include vitamins, minerals, and amino acids because these components play crucial roles in maintaining health and supporting various physiological functions.

Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for growth, metabolism, and overall health. They help in processes such as energy production, immune function, and the maintenance of healthy skin and eyesight. Minerals, on the other hand, are inorganic substances that contribute to numerous bodily functions like muscle contraction, fluid balance, and bone health. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are vital for tissue repair, hormone production, and enzyme function.

While herbs and spices, processed foods, and artificial sweeteners have their own roles in nutrition and health, they do not constitute the foundational ingredients typically highlighted in dietary supplements. Herbs are often used for their medicinal properties, but they are not the primary focus of supplement formulations intended to provide essential nutrients. Processed foods may include additives and preservatives but are not considered supplements in the context of nutritional completeness. Artificial sweeteners are used primarily to enhance flavor without adding calories but do not address nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes the essential nutrients that dietary supplements are designed to supply.